PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF ELECTRONS by MakeMyAssignments.com

The human desire to explore the atomic world has driven the development of research in studying atomic particles. Scientists have uncovered that matter consists of tiny particles called atoms, which can be subdivided into a nucleus containing positively charged particles called protons and negatively charged particles called electrons that revolve around it. Despite their opposite charges, the number of protons and electrons in an atom is equal, resulting in a neutral atom.

Electrons, the subatomic negatively charged particles, are approximately 1/1836 times smaller than protons. Electrons are found in many fields such as electromagnetic induction, magnetism, and conductivity, and their interaction with protons is of utmost importance in atomic physics and its applications in nuclear fission and fusion. Electrons possess numerous properties, including a negligible mass of approximately 9.1*10–31Kg and a negative charge of 1.62x10–19Coulombs. This negative charge enables an electron to produce an electric field, which attracts positively charged particles towards it. Coulomb’s inverse square law states that the magnitude of force between two oppositely charged particles is directly proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of their distance.

Moreover, electrons demonstrate a wave-particle duality, exhibiting both particle and wave-like properties. This characteristic can be illustrated by the double-slit experiment, where electrons pass through two slits simultaneously, which is typically impossible for normal particles.

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